GDP> GNP > NNP > NNI > PI > DI. Perbandingan mengenai indikator pendapatan nasional akan lebih jelas bila kita menerapkan dalam angka: GDP Rp. 100.000,00; Pendapatan Neto dari LN Rp. 10.000,00 - Berdasarkandata keuangan pada soal, maka langkah perhitungan yang diperlukan adalah sebagai berikut. Menghitung GNP, NNP, NNI, PI, dan DI . Berdasarkan perhitungan di atas, maka besarnya GNP adalah Rp125.044,9 miliar, besarnya NNP adalah Rp118.487,1 miliar, besar NNI adalah Rp109.541 miliar, besar PI adalah Rp109.547 miliar, dan disposable income adalah 109.535,1 miliar. Thesignificance of the distinction between GNP and GDP depends on the nature of a particular economy. For instance, if a country has more non-resident inflows and produces a considerable portion of its output by multinational corporations (i.e. with the help of external factors of production), its GNP will be higher than GDP. GNP= GDP - neto terhadap luar negeri 3. Produk Nasional Neto atau Net National Product (NNP) Adalah nilai pasar barang dan jasa yang dihasilkan dalam satu tahun. Untuk menghitung NNP adalah Produk Nasional Bruto (PNB) dikurangi dengan penyusutan (depreciation). Penyusutan di sini artinya penyusutan barang-barang yang PendapatanNasional: GDP, GNP, NNP, NNI, PI, DI. Pendapatan Nasional menunjukkan nilai hasil produksi yang dihasilkan seluruh anggota masyarakat sebagai Rumah Tangga Keluarga (RTK) dalam satu periode. Lamanya satu periode bisa dalam sekian bulan atau satu tahun, biasanya dalam satu periode perhitungan yang digunakan adalah satu tahun. 0 There are various concepts of National Income. The main concepts of NI are: GDP, GNP, NNP, NI, PI, DI, and PCI. These different concepts explain about the phenomenon of economic activities of the various sectors of the various sectors of the economy. . Gross national product GNP is a slightly modified version of gross domestic product GDP. The GNP of a country is equal to the value of all goods and services produced by the nationals of a country's economy plus the value of total imported goods and services less the total exported goods and services – no matter where they are located or where the money is earned. By comparison, GDP limits calculations to value within the nation's physical limits. GDP is considered more accurate when considering the geographic borders of a country's economy, while GNP accounts for all nationals or citizens of a given economy. For related reading, see "Understanding GDP vs. GNP" Suppose a citizen moves to Scotland and opens a business making raincoats. GNP would count this activity towards the total production of the United States, not the United Kingdom. Conversely, GDP would count this activity towards the Official Formula for GNP The simplified version of the official GNP formula can be written as the sum of consumption by nationals, government expenditures, investments by nationals, exports to foreign consumers and foreign production by domestic firms minus the domestic production by foreign firms. Another way to calculate GNP is to take the GDP figure, plus net factor income from abroad. All data for GNP is annualized and can be adjusted for inflation to produce real GNP. In a sense, GNP represents the total productive output of all workers who can be legally identified with the home country. There are several problematic complications of using GNP. One is how to account for individuals who hold dual citizenship. If the aforementioned raincoat manufacturer has dual and citizenship, and both nations claim all of his productive output, then his efforts are counted twice when estimating global GNP. Globalization and GNP The global economy is increasingly interconnected. It is possible for a citizen in one country to produce goods and services in many countries simultaneously over the Internet or through modern supply chains. This raises definitional and accounting issues for GNP calculations. Partially for this reason, the Bureau of Economic Analysis BEA uses GDP rather than GNP. Contemporary macroeconomics stresses the importance of spending in a national economy. Suppose a German automaker builds a car manufacturing plant in Alabama. According to demand-side theory, the jobs created in Alabama increase spending and create economic growth in the not Germany. Both GNP and GDP track economic growth by aggregating total income, but the income produced from GDP is much more geographically sensitive than the income produced from GNP. Measuring Economic Growth The actually used GNP as its official measure of economic welfare until 1991, after which it switched to GDP. However, some economists question the validity of using GDP to compare different economies or the same economy across time. One issue these economists raise is inflation. However, inflation can be accounted for by creating reliable price indexes and adjusting for standardized values. A second issue is population size China and India have many more possible producers and consumers than, say, Switzerland or Ireland. Most economists advocate using GNP or GDP per capita to account for the real impact of income growth on individuals. There are other objections as well, but almost all contemporary accounts of economic size and growth are tracked in terms of GDP. The Concept of National Income- GDP, GNP, NNPThe Concept of National Income- GDP, GNP, NNPMd. Akram hossenNational income is the total value a country’s final output of all new goods and services produced in one year. There are various concepts of National Income. The main concepts of NI are GDP, GNP, NNP, NI, PI, DI, and PCI. These different concepts explain about the phenomenon of economic activities of the various sectors of the various sectors of the economy. Chapter 11th 12th std standard Indian Economy Economic status Higher secondary school College The standard measures of income and output are Gross National Product GNP, Gross Domestic Product GDP, Gross National Income GNI, Net National Product NNP, and Net National Income NNI. In India, the Central Statistical Organisation has been estimating the national income. National IncomeSome countries are rich, some are poor and yet some others are in-between. How do we measure the performance of an economy? Performance of an economy is related to the level of production of goods and services or total economic activity. Measures of national income and output are used in economics to estimate the total value of production in an economy. The standard measures of income and output are Gross National Product GNP, Gross Domestic Product GDP, Gross National Income GNI, Net National Product NNP, and Net National Income NNI. In India, the Central Statistical Organisation has been estimating the national measure your academic performance in relation to other students by the percentage of the marks scored by you. Similarly a country's economic performance has been measured by indicators of national income such as GDP or GNP. Further, measuring national income is essential for various purposes that include projection about the future course of the economy, assisting government as the basis to design or redesign suitable development policies, helping firms in forecasting future demand for their products and facilitating international income per person or per capita income is often used as an indicator of people's standard of living or welfare. However, many development economists have criticized that GNP as a measure of welfare has many limitations. They argued that human well-being does not depend on national income alone. As measures of GNP exclude poverty, literacy, public health, gender equity, and many human issues of well-being, they developed other measures of welfare such as the Human Development Index HDI.Some rich countries in terms of national income are poor in human development. Similarly, poor countries in terms national income have performed well in human development. In the case of India, though the GDP is growing faster, its performance in terms of HDI is far below than that of many ConceptsGross National ProductGross National Product GNP is the total value of output goods and services produced and income received in a year by domestic residents of a country. It includes profits earned from capital invested s Domestic ProductGross Domestic Product GDP is the total value of output goods and services produced by the factors of production located within the country's boundary in a year. The factors of production may be owned by any one - citizens or foreigners. GNP - Net income earned from abroad = GDPThus, GDP measures income from where it is earned rather than who owns the factors of National ProductNet National Product NNP is arrived at by making some adjustment, with regard to depreciation, in GNP. As noted above, GNP is the total value of output produced and income received in a year by domestic residents of a country. Over this one year period, the available plant and machinery capital will wear and tear and get condemned. Such decline in the capital assets due to wear and tear is measured as 'capital depreciation'. NNP is arrived at by deducting value of such depreciation from is GNP - Depreciation = NNPNet Domestic ProductNet domestic product NDP is also arrived from GDP by making adjustment with regard to depreciation in the same way described above.NDP is calculated by deducting depreciation from GDP.GDP - Depreciation = NDPPer Capita IncomePer capita income or output per person is an indicator to show the living standards of people in a country. If real PCI increases, it is considered to be an improvement in the overall living standard of people. PCI is arrived at by dividing the GDP by the size of population. It is also arrived by making some adjustment with / Total number of people in a countryGDP and GNPWhile GDP indicates productive capacity of an economy, GNP is a crude indicator for living standard. The significance of the distinction between GNP and GDP depends on the nature of a particular economy. For instance, if a country has more non-resident inflows and produces a considerable portion of its output by multinational corporations with the help of external factors of production, its GNP will be higher than GDP. Otherwise the distinction will be countries have foreign firms. In the case of US Ford Motors in Chennai, the income from the car factory would be counted as Indian GDP and not as US GDP. But the amount of profit the company sends to US will be added to their GNP. Similarly, our GNP can be arrived by adding to our GDP the net factor income receipts from abroad for the factor inputs owned by Indians. That is, the non-resident Indians income will be added to GDP to arrive at our at Current Prices and Constant PricesThe concepts of national income discussed above can be measured either at 'current price' or at 'constant price'. The measure based on current price uses the ongoing market prices to compute the value of output. It is quite possible that the current price may always be higher than real value due to many factors like taxes and inflation or rising prices. Hence, national income arrived at 'current price' includes such influences as inflation and inflation as a common feature in almost all the economies, it is necessary to measure the national income after deducting any such increase in the value of any output or income. National income at 'constant price' measures the national income after making necessary adjustment to eliminate the effect of inflation. Thus it is based on unchanged price of output. As the national income at 'constant price' is computed based on the real worth of the purchasing power of income, it is also called as 'real national income' or national income in 'real' terms. Study Material, Lecturing Notes, Assignment, Reference, Wiki description explanation, brief detail 11th 12th std standard Indian Economy Economic status Higher secondary school College Basic Concepts of National Income - GNP, GDP, GNI, NNP, NNI, PCI PembahasanDiketahui Ditanya BesarGNP, NNP, NNI, PI dan DI Jawab Langkah untuk menghitungGNP, NNP, NNI, PI dan DI adalah sebagai berikut dalam miliar rupiah. Berdasarkan perhitungan tersebut dapat diketahui bahwa besar PNB/GNP miliar, NNP miliar, NNI miliar, PI miliar, dan DI Ditanya Besar GNP, NNP, NNI, PI dan DI Jawab Langkah untuk menghitung GNP, NNP, NNI, PI dan DI adalah sebagai berikut dalam miliar rupiah. Berdasarkan perhitungan tersebut dapat diketahui bahwa besar PNB/GNP miliar, NNP miliar, NNI miliar, PI miliar, dan DI miliar.

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